

BioControl 48:261–273īabendreier D, Bigler F (2005) How to assess non-target effects of polyphagous biological control agents: Trichogramma brassicae as a case study. Ned Faun Meded 23:125–127īabendreier D, Kuske S, Bigler F (2003) Overwintering of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) in Northern Switzerland. Accessed Īukema B, Loomans AJM (2005) De wants Orius laevigatus in Nederland (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). IFAS Extension, University of Florida Report number: EENY592. Accessed Īristizábal LF, Arthurs S (2014) Convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville (Insecta: Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomological Society of America, LanhamĪndow D, Paula DP (2019) Criteria for environmental risk assessment of exotic generalist arthropod biological control agents. Jordan J Agric Sci 11(4):1083–1101Īlomar O, Wiedenmann RN (1996) Zoophytophagous Heteroptera: implications for life history and integrated pest management. Here we will discuss several examples of different taxa with a generalist host range and show that each of them has specific requirements and as a result require a specific risk assessment of their own.Īl-Zyoud FA (2015) Investigating barriers to adoption of biological control technology by vegetables and fruit trees’ growers in some governorates of Jordan.

Thus, generalist predators and parasitoids are often excluded a priori from being licensed. Establishing a generalist’s potential host range in a new area is one of the most challenging issues to be assessed prior to its introduction and release.
IMPORT OF BIOCONTROL AGENTS REGISTRATION
In regulatory requirements for regulation and registration of non-native agents, assessment of host specificity is one of the main criteria in evaluating risks. There is a wide variety of natural enemies used for biocontrol, each of which has its specific biological and ecological requirements. specificity) and direct and indirect non-target effects. In an Environmental Risk Analysis (ERA) benefits and risks of a biocontrol agent (BCA) or other beneficial organisms are assessed using criteria based on ecological determinants such as the potential and impact of establishment and dispersal, on known and new hosts (host range vs.
